Brexit 2021 timeline: What are the most important milestones in the progression of Brexit?

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The Brexit trade negotiations between the UK and European Union came to an end with a £660 billion a year deal being agreed. It took MPs five hours of debate to vote the trade deal into law and just after midnight on December 31 the Queen gave her final approval for the legislation preventing a no-deal exit at 11pm that day. Express.co.uk spoke with Brexit experts about the most important Brexit milestones in 2021.

January 2021

As of January 1, the UK has officially left the Customs Union and any EU trade deals the UK managed to agree came into effect.

For countries where no trade deal has been rolled over, the UK Global Tariff will come into force meaning tariffs will be imposed.

Specifically, the following areas will be impacted as of January 1:

  • Imports into the UK from the EU
  • Exports from the UK to the EU
  • The Northern Ireland protocol
  • Regulated services including the financial sector
  • Immigration
  • Aviation
  • Data.

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Scott Collins CEO of Hawtrey Dene Procurement and Associate at Political Insight said a phased control of new moments is planned.

He told Express.co.uk: “The areas most affected by Brexit will be logistics and haulage, aviation, manufacturing using just in time methodology especially automotive industry, fresh and perishable foods and professional services. Farming, horticulture later on too.”

Speaking of expected changes in January 2021, Mr Collins said: “Customs declarations will not have to accompany the imported goods from the EU, and may be deferred for up to six months.

“Import tariffs, at UK Global Tariff rates, may be deferred too until the submission of the declaration. But full import records must be maintained.

“The CFSP EIR easement will be in place until July 2021.

“Controlled goods, including alcohol, tobacco and certain chemicals, will require full declarations.

“Live animals and high-risk plants will need pre-notification.

“Controls will be carried out away from the GB border.”

In terms of immigration, Stephanie Heijdra at Winvolved Consultancy said the UK will begin a new immigration policy from January 1.

Ms Heijdra told Express.co.uk: “End of Free movement between EU Citizens and the UK which gives a conditional right of EU citizens to move to other EU countries to work and live, ends from January 2021.

“New Immigration policy would be introduced by the UK from January 2021.

“The new Immigration policy in the UK is planned to be a point-based system to attract skilled workers.

“The rights of British citizens settled in one EU country to move freely to other nations within the bloc after Brexit, does not continue from January 2021.

“Nevertheless, residency rights for EU citizens who already live in the UK and Britons living on the continent, have the right to remain and retain existing rights, in areas including social employment and social security, under the binding terms of the Brexit divorce deal.”

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April 2021

The movement of goods will be impacted from April, with all animal products requiring pre-notification and health documentation from this time.

Physical checks are points of destination will end at this time and any grace periods agreed will likely fall away.

For firms trading between Great Britain and Northern Ireland, they will begin to fully access all aspects of the Trader Support Service (TSS).

Goods entering Northern Ireland from Great Britain will be subject to certain checks and/or controls, on a phased basis with a three month grace period in place.

June 2021

June 30, 2021, is the deadline for European nationals and their families members living in the UK prior to December 31, 2020, to apply for status on the EU Settlement scheme.

You can apply here if you meet the criteria.

Ms Heijdra said: “As things stand, after December 31, 2020, European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) scheme EHIC cards will no longer be valid for Britons visiting the continent or EU nationals visiting the UK.

“While travelling abroad EHIC covered childbirth, pregnancy issues and pre-existing conditions.

“EHIC was not the same as travel insurance and it did not guarantee free treatment. EU citizens without a settlement or pre-settlement status will require private health insurance as NHS treatment will no longer be freely available without this for EU citizens.

“On the other hand, Britons travelling to EU countries will need travel insurance with medical cover.”

July 2021

From July 1, the ability to delay customs declarations and payment of import duty no longer applies.

Imported goods must be imported under either the temporary storage or pre-lodgement model.

Safety and security declarations must now be made for any imports from the EU to the UK.

Mr Collins said the UK Border Control Posts (BCP) on imports from the EU will change from July 2021.

He said: “The UK government has proposed a phased plan for the introduction of border controls on imports of goods from the EU27 to the UK after 2020.

“This will give affected UK and EU importers time to adapt to the new controls.

“It will also give the UK time to build and resource a full border control infrastructure, including the new Border Control Posts.

“This will affect goods entering Great Britain – the UK excluding Northern Ireland since the latter will effectively remain inside the EU Customs Union.

“The temporary light-touch CFSP measures will apply with the trade deal scenario.”

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